{"id":70386,"date":"2021-03-18T11:03:19","date_gmt":"2021-03-18T11:03:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/?p=70386"},"modified":"2022-12-19T07:26:46","modified_gmt":"2022-12-19T07:26:46","slug":"using-the-possessive-in-english","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/using-the-possessive-in-english\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Use the Possessive in English: Apostrophes (\u2018s) and &#8220;Of&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Is it&nbsp;<em>the backpack of Julie<\/em>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<em>Julie\u2019s backpack<\/em>? If you ever struggled to decide whether to use&nbsp;<strong><em>\u2018s<\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp;(<\/em>read&nbsp;<em>apostrophe ess<\/em>)&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong><em>of<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;to&nbsp;demonstrate possession in English, you\u2019ve come to the right place. In this blog post, we go over the rules to help you decide which <strong>possessive structure in English<\/strong> to use according to the situation you are presented with.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before getting into the blog post, here are some words you should know about the <strong>possessive in English<\/strong> so that you understand the ideas.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Possess:<\/strong> to have or own&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Owner: <\/strong>a person or group that owns something&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Possession:<\/strong> something that is owned or possessed by someone&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Belong&nbsp;to:<\/strong> to be the property of (someone) : to be owned by (someone)&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-512x288.jpg\" alt=\"possessives in english\" class=\"wp-image-71051\" width=\"512\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-512x288.jpg 512w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-16x9.jpg 16w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1-1-1200x675.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption><em>This car is mine.<\/em> <br>Example of an owner and a possession.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-to-use-the-possessive-in-english\">How to use the possessive in English<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This section teaches you the six rules to properly use the possessive structure in English. Plus, you&#8217;ll learn the one mistake that many ESL students make when trying to use apostrophes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-possessive-rule-1-is-the-subject-animate-or-inanimate\">Possessive rule #1 &#8211; is the subject animate or inanimate?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first things&nbsp;you should determine&nbsp;are&nbsp;the owner and the possession of your sentence.&nbsp;For instance, in the sentence \u201cThis is Mark\u2019s car\u201d, Mark is the owner and the car is the&nbsp;possession. Mark is a person, so we call him an&nbsp;<strong>animate possessor<\/strong>.&nbsp;Animate means alive.&nbsp;Whenever you encounter an&nbsp;animate&nbsp;possessor, such as a person or an animal, you will use the&nbsp;<strong>apostrophe&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>s<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;(\u2018s)<\/strong>.&nbsp;Generally, you do not use&nbsp;<strong><em>of<\/em><\/strong><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>in these sentences.<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>Here are three examples:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>I bought&nbsp;<em>Kyle\u2019s watch<\/em>&nbsp;yesterday. It was expensive, but I\u2019m so glad he liked it.&nbsp;<br><strong>Possessor:<\/strong> Kyle (person)&nbsp;<br><strong>Object:<\/strong> watch&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Can we borrow your&nbsp;<em>dad\u2019s car<\/em>&nbsp;to go to the mall?&nbsp;<br><strong>Possessor:<\/strong> Dad (person)&nbsp;<br><strong>Object:<\/strong> car&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>I love going to&nbsp;<em>my boyfriend\u2019s house<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;<br><strong>Possessor:<\/strong> my boyfriend (person)&nbsp;<br><strong>Object: <\/strong>house&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-use-the-apostrophe-s-for-possession-of-qualities-actions-attributes\">Use the apostrophe (<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-theme-palette-1-color\"><strong>&#8216;s<\/strong><\/mark>) for possession of qualities, actions, attributes<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>We also use the&nbsp;<strong>\u2018s<\/strong>&nbsp;when we are talking about the qualities, actions, and attributes of an animate subject. However, it is also common to use&nbsp;<strong><em>of<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;in&nbsp;such situations. Here are some examples of the <strong>possessive in English<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><em>Susan&#8217;s&nbsp;abilities<\/em>&nbsp;are exceptional&nbsp;<strong>or<\/strong>&nbsp;<em>The abilities of Susan<\/em>&nbsp;are exceptional.&nbsp;<\/li><li><em>Mr. Smith\u2019s departure<\/em>&nbsp;was delayed by the thunderstorm&nbsp;<strong>or<\/strong>&nbsp;<em>The departure of Mr. Smith<\/em>&nbsp;was delayed by the thunderstorm.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Even though both<strong> possessives in English<\/strong> work in these situations, there is a difference of emphasis between these two. In the sentences with&nbsp;<strong>\u2018s,<\/strong>&nbsp;the possessor (Susan and Mr. Smith) is emphasized.&nbsp;In the&nbsp;sentences with&nbsp;<strong><em>of<\/em>,<\/strong>&nbsp;the&nbsp;action\/quality are emphasized.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are situations when you have&nbsp;to pay attention&nbsp;to the sentence structure more carefully. This is a little advanced though. Basically, the&nbsp;meaning of a sentence&nbsp;can change if you are giving information about the owner instead of the possession.&nbsp;Take a look at the examples&nbsp;below. Which of the options is correct?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li><strong>The dog of the girl<\/strong>&nbsp;that I met&nbsp;yesterday&nbsp;barked all night.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>The girl\u2019s dog<\/strong>&nbsp;that I met&nbsp;yesterday&nbsp;barked all night.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>If you said (a): congratulations, you\u2019re right!&nbsp;If you got this one wrong, no worries. Here\u2019s the explanation: in option (b), we understand that you met the dog&nbsp;yesterday, not the girl. In option (a) it is clear that you met the girl&nbsp;yesterday&nbsp;and her dog&nbsp;barked all night.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-rule-2-for-possessive-adjectives-never-use-of-or-s\">Rule #2 &#8211; For possessive adjectives, never use\u00a0<em>of<\/em>\u00a0or\u00a0<em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-theme-palette-1-color\"><span style=\"color: var(--global-palette3, #000093);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">\u2018s<\/span><\/mark><\/em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">\u00a0<\/mark><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Do you remember the possessive adjectives? If not, take a look at the table below:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Subject Pronoun<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>Possessive adjective<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>Sentence<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>I&nbsp;<\/td><td>My&nbsp;<\/td><td>My dog is big.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>You&nbsp;<\/td><td>Your&nbsp;<\/td><td>Your brother is tall.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>He&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>His&nbsp;<\/td><td>His computer is old.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>She&nbsp;<\/td><td>Her&nbsp;<\/td><td>Her dress is so beautiful!&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>It&nbsp;<\/td><td>Its&nbsp;<\/td><td>Its toys are all destroyed.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>We&nbsp;<\/td><td>Our&nbsp;<\/td><td>Our house is cozy.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>You&nbsp;<\/td><td>Your&nbsp;<\/td><td>Your job is difficult.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>They&nbsp;<\/td><td>Their&nbsp;<\/td><td>Their television is new.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, let\u2019s take a look at the possessive adjective&nbsp;<strong><em>your<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;and the sentence&nbsp;<em>\u201cYour brother is tall\u201d<\/em>. We&nbsp;<strong>can\u2019t<\/strong>&nbsp;say&nbsp;<em>\u201cThe brother of&nbsp;you&nbsp;is tall\u201d<\/em>.&nbsp;There is no&nbsp;choice when&nbsp;using&nbsp;possessive adjectives.&nbsp;It is always&nbsp;<strong>possessive adjective + possession<\/strong>.&nbsp;Remember that about the<strong> possessive in English<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-possessive-rule-3-use-of-when-referring-to-a-part-of-a-whole\">Possessive rule #3 &#8211; Use\u00a0<em>of<\/em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#38b97a\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u00a0<\/mark>when referring to a part of a whole\u00a0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When talking about something animate that refers to a part of a whole we always&nbsp;use&nbsp;<em>of<\/em><em>.&nbsp;<\/em>Take a look at these examples:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><em>A quarter of the students<\/em>&nbsp;missed the Geometry test last Thursday.&nbsp;<\/li><li><em>The rest of the class<\/em>&nbsp;wants to retake the test.&nbsp;<\/li><li><em>The majority of the students<\/em>&nbsp;got bad grades on the test.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>However, if we are talking about a part of a unit, it\u2019s okay to use both: the&nbsp;<strong>\u2018s<\/strong>&nbsp;and the&nbsp;<strong>of.<\/strong>&nbsp;Here are two&nbsp;examples which have the same meaning:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><em>The girl&#8217;s foot<\/em>&nbsp;is broken.&nbsp;<\/li><li><em>The foot of the girl<\/em>&nbsp;is broken.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-possessive-rule-4-using-s-with-english-nouns-ending-in-s\">Possessive rule #4 &#8211; using\u00a0<strong><em>\u2018s<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0with English nouns ending in<em> s\u00a0<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s think about nouns that end in <em>s<\/em>. Here are some of them:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Jesus&nbsp;<\/li><li>James&nbsp;<\/li><li>Lucas&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>When you encounter them, you have two options to make the <strong>possessive in English<\/strong>. You can say&nbsp;<em>Lucas\u2019 car<\/em>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<em>Lucas\u2019s car.&nbsp;<\/em>There is no hard rule here, so both are accepted. Some people will prefer using only the apostrophe and some would rather keep the<strong>&nbsp;apostrophe s<\/strong>. It is up to you!&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-possessive-rule-5-for-inanimate-possessors-use-of\">Possessive rule #5 &#8211; For inanimate possessors,\u00a0use\u00a0<em>of<\/em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#38b97a\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u00a0<\/mark><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When you have inanimate&nbsp;owners, such as&nbsp;<em>book<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>plane<\/em>, and&nbsp;<em>project<\/em>,&nbsp;use&nbsp;<em>of<\/em>&nbsp;to define the possession. Here are some examples of this <strong>possessive structure in English<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>The condition of the book&nbsp;<\/strong>was not acceptable.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>The departure of the plane<\/strong>&nbsp;was delayed in one hour.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>The cost of the project<\/strong>&nbsp;is higher than expected.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>We also use&nbsp;<strong>of&nbsp;<\/strong>when referring to the part of a whole when talking about inanimate possessors. For instance:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>The top&nbsp;<strong>of<\/strong>&nbsp;the stairs.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The back&nbsp;<strong>of<\/strong>&nbsp;the building.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-512x288.jpg\" alt=\"The top of the stairs, not the stair's top. Example of possessives in English.\" class=\"wp-image-71055\" width=\"512\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-512x288.jpg 512w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-16x9.jpg 16w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/5-1-1200x675.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption>The top of the stairs, not the<s> stair&#8217;s top<\/s>.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>However, we have two options in situations where the part is more important than the whole:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>The rooftop&nbsp;<strong>of<\/strong>&nbsp;the building has a pool.&nbsp;<br>The building<strong>\u2019s<\/strong>&nbsp;rooftop has a pool.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Explanation: in this case, the part is the&nbsp;<em>rooftop<\/em>&nbsp;and the whole is the building. Since the pool is located on the rooftop, which makes it more important than the building in this particular sentence, both options are acceptable.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>The roof&nbsp;<strong>of&nbsp;<\/strong>the house is on fire.&nbsp;<br>The house<strong>\u2019s<\/strong>&nbsp;roof is on fire.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Explanation: the roof is more important than the house, which is the whole, in this sentence. Therefore, both options are acceptable.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-512x288.jpg\" alt=\"The roof of the house is on fire!The house's roof is on fire.English possessives examples\" class=\"wp-image-71057\" width=\"512\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-512x288.jpg 512w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-16x9.jpg 16w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/microwave-2-1200x675.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption><em>The roof of the house is on fire!<\/em> (Emphasis on the roof)<br><em>The house&#8217;s roof is on fire!<\/em> (Emphasis on the house)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-possessive-rule-6-for-complement-noun-groups-of-is-essential\">Possessive rule #6 &#8211; For complement noun\u00a0groups,\u00a0<em>of<\/em>\u00a0is essential\u00a0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s keep talking about the <strong>possessive structure in English<\/strong>. Sometimes, you have to use&nbsp;<em>of&nbsp;<\/em>and an apostrophe does not work. Any time you describe a&nbsp;<em>thought, idea, reason, criticism, belief&nbsp;<\/em>and&nbsp;<em>need,&nbsp;<\/em>you should use&nbsp;<em>of +<\/em>&nbsp;noun. This is a complement noun group.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>I had the&nbsp;<s>picnic&#8217;s idea.<\/s>&nbsp;<\/li><li>I had the&nbsp;<strong>idea of a picnic<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li><li>Their&nbsp;<s>politician\u2019s criticism<\/s>&nbsp;is fair.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Their<strong>&nbsp;criticism of the politician&nbsp;<\/strong>is fair.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Further, you\u2019ll find that some names include&nbsp;<em>of.&nbsp;<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>The&nbsp;law&nbsp;of&nbsp;gravity.<strong> NOT<\/strong>: <em><s>the&nbsp;gravity\u2019s law<\/s><\/em>&nbsp;<\/li><li>The Department of&nbsp;Engineering.<strong> NOT:&nbsp;<\/strong><em><s>the&nbsp;Engineering&nbsp;department<\/s><\/em>&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Complemental noun groups&nbsp;can often be rephrased as&nbsp;<strong>compoun<\/strong><strong>d words<\/strong>,&nbsp;but you do not add the&nbsp;<strong>&#8216;s<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>the picnic idea&nbsp;<\/li><li>the Linguistics Department&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-don-t-make-this-common-english-possessive-mistake\">Don&#8217;t make this common English possessive mistake!<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We don\u2019t use&nbsp;<strong>\u2018s<\/strong>&nbsp;to make&nbsp;nouns plural.&nbsp;This is a common error, especially with nouns made of letters.&nbsp;All you do is add&nbsp;<strong>s<\/strong>&nbsp;to the end of the noun.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>The&nbsp;<s>cat\u2019s<\/s>&nbsp;are sleeping.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The cats are sleeping.&nbsp;<\/li><li>They have three&nbsp;<s>TV\u2019s.<\/s>&nbsp;<\/li><li>They have three TVs.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-512x288.jpg\" alt=\"Whose TVs are those?\" class=\"wp-image-71056\" width=\"512\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-512x288.jpg 512w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-16x9.jpg 16w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/blender-2-1200x675.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption><em>Whose TVs are those?<\/em><br>Remember, don&#8217;t add an apostrophe to TV to make it plural! (<s>TV&#8217;s<\/s>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Also,&nbsp;be careful with&nbsp;<em>it\u2019s<\/em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>its<\/em>.&nbsp;<strong><em>It\u2019s<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;is a contraction that means \u201cit is\u201d.&nbsp;<strong><em>Its<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;is a possessive adjective.&nbsp;Here is one example:<em>&nbsp;<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><em>I loved your car, but I am not a fan of&nbsp;<\/em><strong><em>its&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><em>color<\/em><em>&nbsp;(the color of the car)<\/em><em>.<\/em><em>&nbsp;<\/em><em>It\u2019s (It is) too bright.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The word&nbsp;<em>its&nbsp;<\/em>refers to the car and has no apostrophe.&nbsp;If you&#8217;re unsure about the common words with contractions, you can learn more here with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/punctuation-marks-in-english\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-old-href=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/punctuation-marks-in-english\/\" data-lasso-id=\"182\">our punctuation guide<\/a>. You can listen to a teacher explaining this difference <span style=\"color:#f2781a\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/learningenglish.voanews.com\/a\/it-s-and-its\/5800533.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-old-href=\"https:\/\/learningenglish.voanews.com\/a\/it-s-and-its\/5800533.html\" data-lasso-id=\"183\">here<\/a><\/strong><\/span>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We know there are a couple of rules for you to get familiar with. Even though the <strong>possessive structure in English<\/strong> can seem overwhelming at first, we guarantee you that it will get better! Happy studying!&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Is it&nbsp;the backpack of Julie&nbsp;or&nbsp;Julie\u2019s backpack? If you ever struggled to decide whether to use&nbsp;\u2018s&nbsp;(read&nbsp;apostrophe ess)&nbsp;or&nbsp;of&nbsp;to&nbsp;demonstrate possession in English, you\u2019ve come to the right place. In this blog post, we go over the rules to help you decide which possessive structure in English to use according to the situation you are presented with.&nbsp;&nbsp; Before getting&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":59,"featured_media":71045,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[158,159,57,165],"tags":[139],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v18.1 (Yoast SEO v21.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Use the Possessive in English - PrepEng English School<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn all the rules about the possessive structures in English, plus review situations when you should use &quot;of&quot; instead of an apostrophe.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/using-the-possessive-in-english\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Use the Possessive in English: Apostrophes (\u2018s) and &quot;Of&quot;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn all the rules about the possessive structures in English, plus review situations when you should use &quot;of&quot; instead of an apostrophe.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/using-the-possessive-in-english\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Lingo Best English Academy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-03-18T11:03:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-12-19T07:26:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Blog-Banners-Bruna-S-13.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2240\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1260\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Bruna Silva\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Bruna Silva\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/using-the-possessive-in-english\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/using-the-possessive-in-english\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Bruna Silva\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/#\/schema\/person\/778db943977893b3591a91c917693de6\"},\"headline\":\"How to Use the Possessive in English: Apostrophes (\u2018s) and &#8220;Of&#8221;\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-03-18T11:03:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-12-19T07:26:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/using-the-possessive-in-english\/\"},\"wordCount\":1743,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"possessive\"],\"articleSection\":[\"A1 Beginner English\",\"A2 Elementary English\",\"English Grammar\",\"Grammar lesson\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/using-the-possessive-in-english\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/using-the-possessive-in-english\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.lingobest.com\/free-online-english-course\/using-the-possessive-in-english\/\",\"name\":\"How to Use the Possessive in English - 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